今天要用到这个技术,网上搜索了半天,把收获总结一下
基本上导出的文件分为两种:
1:类Excel格式,这个其实不是传统意义上的Excel文件,只是因为Excel的兼容能力强,能够正确打开而已。修改这种文件后再保存,通常会提示你是否要转换成Excel文件。
优点:简单。
缺点:难以生成格式,如果用来导入需要自己分别编写相应的程序。
2:Excel格式,与类Excel相对应,这种方法 生成的文件更接近于真正的Excel格式。
如果导出中文时出现乱码,可以尝试将字符串转换成gb2312,例如下面就把$yourStr从utf-8转换成了gb2312:
$yourStr = mb_convert_encoding("gb2312", "UTF-8", $yourStr);
下面详细列举几种方法:
一、PHP导出Excel:
第一推荐无比风骚的PHPExcel ,官方网站: http://www.codeplex.com/PHPExcel
导入导出都成,可以导出office2007格式,同时兼容2003。
下载下来的包中有文档和例子,大家可以自行研究。
抄段例子出来:
<?php /** * PHPExcel * * Copyright (C) 2006 - 2007 PHPExcel * * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. * * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU * Lesser General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA * * @category PHPExcel * @package PHPExcel * @copyright Copyright (c) 2006 - 2007 PHPExcel ( http://www.codeplex.com/PHPExcel) * @license http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.txt LGPL * @version 1.5.0, 2007-10-23 */ /** Error reporting */ error_reporting(E_ALL); /** Include path **/ set_include_path(get_include_path() . PATH_SEPARATOR . '../Classes/'); /** PHPExcel */ include 'PHPExcel.php'; /** PHPExcel_Writer_Excel2007 */ include 'PHPExcel/Writer/Excel2007.php'; // Create new PHPExcel object echo date('H:i:s') . " Create new PHPExcel objectn"; $objPHPExcel = new PHPExcel(); // Set properties echo date('H:i:s') . " Set propertiesn"; $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setCreator("Maarten Balliauw"); $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setLastModifiedBy("Maarten Balliauw"); $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setTitle("Office 2007 XLSX Test Document"); $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setSubject("Office 2007 XLSX Test Document"); $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setDescrīption("Test document for Office 2007 XLSX, generated using PHP classes."); $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setKeywords("office 2007 openxml php"); $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setCategory("Test result file"); // Add some data echo date('H:i:s') . " Add some datan"; $objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('A1', 'Hello'); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('B2', 'world!'); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('C1', 'Hello'); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('D2', 'world!'); // Rename sheet echo date('H:i:s') . " Rename sheetn"; $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setTitle('Simple'); // Set active sheet index to the first sheet, so Excel opens this as the first sheet $objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0); // Save Excel 2007 file echo date('H:i:s') . " Write to Excel2007 formatn"; $objWriter = new PHPExcel_Writer_Excel2007($objPHPExcel); $objWriter->save(str_replace('.php', '.xlsx', __FILE__)); // Echo done echo date('H:i:s') . " Done writing file.rn";
2、使用pear的Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer 类
下载地址: http://pear.php.net/package/Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer
此类依赖于OLE,下载地址:http://pear.php.net/package/OLE
需要注意的是导出的Excel文件格式比较老,修改后保存会提示是否转换成更新的格式。
不过可以设定格式,很强大。
<?php require_once 'Spreadsheet/Excel/Writer.php'; // Creating a workbook $workbook = new Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer(); // sending HTTP headers $workbook->send('test.xls'); // Creating a worksheet $worksheet =& $workbook->addWorksheet('My first worksheet'); // The actual data $worksheet->write(0, 0, 'Name'); $worksheet->write(0, 1, 'Age'); $worksheet->write(1, 0, 'John Smith'); $worksheet->write(1, 1, 30); $worksheet->write(2, 0, 'Johann Schmidt'); $worksheet->write(2, 1, 31); $worksheet->write(3, 0, 'Juan Herrera'); $worksheet->write(3, 1, 32); // Let's send the file $workbook->close(); ?>
3:利用smarty ,生成符合Excel规范的XML 或HTML 文件
支持格式,非常完美的导出方案。不过导出来的的本质上还是XML文件,如果用来导入就需要另外处理了。
详细内容请见rardge大侠的帖子:http://bbs.chinaunix.net/viewthread.php?tid=745757
需要注意的是如果导出的表格行数不确定时,最好在模板中把"ss:ExpandedColumnCount="5" ss:ExpandedRowCount="21""之类的东西删掉。
4、利用pack函数打印出模拟Excel格式的断句符号 ,这种更接近于Excel标准格式,用office2003修改后保存,还不会弹出提示。
缺点是无格式。
<?php // Send Header header("Pragma: public"); header("Expires: 0"); header("Cache-Control: must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0"); header("Content-Type: application/force-download"); header("Content-Type: application/octet-stream"); header("Content-Type: application/download");; header("Content-Disposition: attachment;filename=test.xls "); header("Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary "); // XLS Data Cell xlsBOF(); xlsWriteLabel(1,0,"My excel line one"); xlsWriteLabel(2,0,"My excel line two : "); xlsWriteLabel(2,1,"Hello everybody"); xlsEOF(); function xlsBOF() { echo pack("ssssss", 0x809, 0x8, 0x0, 0x10, 0x0, 0x0); return; } function xlsEOF() { echo pack("ss", 0x0A, 0x00); return; } function xlsWriteNumber($Row, $Col, $Value) { echo pack("sssss", 0x203, 14, $Row, $Col, 0x0); echo pack("d", $Value); return; } function xlsWriteLabel($Row, $Col, $Value ) { $L = strlen($Value); echo pack("ssssss", 0x204, 8 + $L, $Row, $Col, 0x0, $L); echo $Value; return; } ?>
不过爱情在64位linux 系统中使用时失败了,断句符号全部变成了乱码。
5、使用制表符、换行符 的方法
制表符"t"用户分割同一行中的列,换行符"tn"可以开启下一行。
<?php header("Content-Type: application/vnd.ms-execl"); header("Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=myExcel.xls"); header("Pragma: no-cache"); header("Expires: 0"); /*first line*/ echo "hello"."t"; echo "world"."t"; echo "tn"; /*start of second line*/ echo "this is second line"."t"; echo "Hi,pretty girl"."t"; echo "tn"; ?>
6、使用com
如果你的PHP可以开启com模块,就可以用它来导出Excel文件
<?PHP $filename = "c:/spreadhseet/test.xls"; $sheet1 = 1; $sheet2 = "sheet2"; $excel_app = new COM("Excel.application") or Die ("Did not connect"); print "Application name: {$excel_app->Application->value}n" ; print "Loaded version: {$excel_app->Application->version}n"; $Workbook = $excel_app->Workbooks->Open("$filename") or Die("Did not open $filename $Workbook"); $Worksheet = $Workbook->Worksheets($sheet1); $Worksheet->activate; $excel_cell = $Worksheet->Range("C4"); $excel_cell->activate; $excel_result = $excel_cell->value; print "$excel_resultn"; $Worksheet = $Workbook->Worksheets($sheet2); $Worksheet->activate; $excel_cell = $Worksheet->Range("C4"); $excel_cell->activate; $excel_result = $excel_cell->value; print "$excel_resultn"; #To close all instances of excel: $Workbook->Close; unset($Worksheet); unset($Workbook); $excel_app->Workbooks->Close(); $excel_app->Quit(); unset($excel_app); ?>
好了,如果你认真的看到这里了,说明你可能确实需要了解这个,那么爱情告诉你,通过测试,第一种方法:PHPExcel最给力